Speed and call quality testMy IP addressIP subnet calculatorDNS reportWhoIs lookupRemote support

Internet and network

Speed and call quality testTest delay, jitter and speed, with a focus on phone calls.My IP addressYour public IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, provider and address range.WhoIs lookupWho owns a domain or IP address, when it expires, and its DNS.DNS reportEvery DNS record for a domain, with email setup checked.IP subnet calculatorWork out a network's range, mask and hosts, and split it into subnets.

Computers and devices

Update checkIs this computer, phone and browser up to date? With links to update.Camera and mic testCheck your webcam and microphone before a call.Test print pagePrint an A4 page to check a printer: edges, text, line art and colours.

Make and print

Clean textStrip hidden characters, smart quotes and odd spaces from pasted text.QR code makerMake a QR code for a link, contact or message. Nothing leaves your browser.Wi-Fi QR posterPrint an A4 poster that lets guests join your Wi-Fi by scanning.

Surftec support

Remote supportLet a Surftec engineer connect to your computer to help you.All workingA full-screen confirmation that everything is up and running.

Surftec

Surftec websiteServices, news and how to contact Surftec
Cloud Tools
Guest
GuestNot signed in

Surftec customers will be recognised automatically when they use these tools from their office network.

Customer sign-in is coming soon.

IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network169.254.56.192/26
Usable hosts62
Subnet mask255.255.255.192
Addresses64
Network address
169.254.56.192
Broadcast address
169.254.56.255
First usable
169.254.56.193
Last usable
169.254.56.254
Usable hosts
62 (64 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
255.255.255.192
Wildcard mask
0.0.0.63 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/26
Type
Link-local (APIPA) 169.254.0.0/16
Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
Old class
B (default /16)
As numbers
Hex A9FE38C0 · Integer 2852010176 to 2852010239
Reverse DNS zone
56.254.169.in-addr.arpa
Smaller than a /24: the provider delegates it inside the /24 zone (RFC 2317), or sets each PTR record for you.
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address10101001.11111110.00111000.11000000169.254.56.192
Subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000255.255.255.192
Network10101001.11111110.00111000.11000000169.254.56.192
Broadcast10101001.11111110.00111000.11111111169.254.56.255
Split into smaller subnets/32
/27 (2)/28 (4)/29 (8)/30 (16)/31 (32)/32 (64)

169.254.56.192/26 makes 64 subnets of /32.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
1169.254.56.192/32169.254.56.192 to 169.254.56.192—1
2169.254.56.193/32169.254.56.193 to 169.254.56.193—1
3169.254.56.194/32169.254.56.194 to 169.254.56.194—1
4169.254.56.195/32169.254.56.195 to 169.254.56.195—1
5169.254.56.196/32169.254.56.196 to 169.254.56.196—1
6169.254.56.197/32169.254.56.197 to 169.254.56.197—1
7169.254.56.198/32169.254.56.198 to 169.254.56.198—1
8169.254.56.199/32169.254.56.199 to 169.254.56.199—1
9169.254.56.200/32169.254.56.200 to 169.254.56.200—1
10169.254.56.201/32169.254.56.201 to 169.254.56.201—1
11169.254.56.202/32169.254.56.202 to 169.254.56.202—1
12169.254.56.203/32169.254.56.203 to 169.254.56.203—1
13169.254.56.204/32169.254.56.204 to 169.254.56.204—1
14169.254.56.205/32169.254.56.205 to 169.254.56.205—1
15169.254.56.206/32169.254.56.206 to 169.254.56.206—1
16169.254.56.207/32169.254.56.207 to 169.254.56.207—1
17169.254.56.208/32169.254.56.208 to 169.254.56.208—1
18169.254.56.209/32169.254.56.209 to 169.254.56.209—1
19169.254.56.210/32169.254.56.210 to 169.254.56.210—1
20169.254.56.211/32169.254.56.211 to 169.254.56.211—1
21169.254.56.212/32169.254.56.212 to 169.254.56.212—1
22169.254.56.213/32169.254.56.213 to 169.254.56.213—1
23169.254.56.214/32169.254.56.214 to 169.254.56.214—1
24169.254.56.215/32169.254.56.215 to 169.254.56.215—1
25169.254.56.216/32169.254.56.216 to 169.254.56.216—1
26169.254.56.217/32169.254.56.217 to 169.254.56.217—1
27169.254.56.218/32169.254.56.218 to 169.254.56.218—1
28169.254.56.219/32169.254.56.219 to 169.254.56.219—1
29169.254.56.220/32169.254.56.220 to 169.254.56.220—1
30169.254.56.221/32169.254.56.221 to 169.254.56.221—1
31169.254.56.222/32169.254.56.222 to 169.254.56.222—1
32169.254.56.223/32169.254.56.223 to 169.254.56.223—1
33169.254.56.224/32169.254.56.224 to 169.254.56.224—1
34169.254.56.225/32169.254.56.225 to 169.254.56.225—1
35169.254.56.226/32169.254.56.226 to 169.254.56.226—1
36169.254.56.227/32169.254.56.227 to 169.254.56.227—1
37169.254.56.228/32169.254.56.228 to 169.254.56.228—1
38169.254.56.229/32169.254.56.229 to 169.254.56.229—1
39169.254.56.230/32169.254.56.230 to 169.254.56.230—1
40169.254.56.231/32169.254.56.231 to 169.254.56.231—1
41169.254.56.232/32169.254.56.232 to 169.254.56.232—1
42169.254.56.233/32169.254.56.233 to 169.254.56.233—1
43169.254.56.234/32169.254.56.234 to 169.254.56.234—1
44169.254.56.235/32169.254.56.235 to 169.254.56.235—1
45169.254.56.236/32169.254.56.236 to 169.254.56.236—1
46169.254.56.237/32169.254.56.237 to 169.254.56.237—1
47169.254.56.238/32169.254.56.238 to 169.254.56.238—1
48169.254.56.239/32169.254.56.239 to 169.254.56.239—1
49169.254.56.240/32169.254.56.240 to 169.254.56.240—1
50169.254.56.241/32169.254.56.241 to 169.254.56.241—1
51169.254.56.242/32169.254.56.242 to 169.254.56.242—1
52169.254.56.243/32169.254.56.243 to 169.254.56.243—1
53169.254.56.244/32169.254.56.244 to 169.254.56.244—1
54169.254.56.245/32169.254.56.245 to 169.254.56.245—1
55169.254.56.246/32169.254.56.246 to 169.254.56.246—1
56169.254.56.247/32169.254.56.247 to 169.254.56.247—1
57169.254.56.248/32169.254.56.248 to 169.254.56.248—1
58169.254.56.249/32169.254.56.249 to 169.254.56.249—1
59169.254.56.250/32169.254.56.250 to 169.254.56.250—1
60169.254.56.251/32169.254.56.251 to 169.254.56.251—1
61169.254.56.252/32169.254.56.252 to 169.254.56.252—1
62169.254.56.253/32169.254.56.253 to 169.254.56.253—1
63169.254.56.254/32169.254.56.254 to 169.254.56.254—1
64169.254.56.255/32169.254.56.255 to 169.254.56.255—1

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.