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IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network228.0.0.0/6
Usable hosts67,108,862
Subnet mask252.0.0.0
Addresses67,108,864
Network address
228.0.0.0
Broadcast address
231.255.255.255
First usable
228.0.0.1
Last usable
231.255.255.254
Usable hosts
67,108,862 (67,108,864 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
252.0.0.0
Wildcard mask
3.255.255.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/6
Type
Multicast 224.0.0.0/4
One-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
Old class
D (multicast)
As numbers
Hex E4000000 · Integer 3825205248 to 3892314111
Reverse DNS zones
228.in-addr.arpa
229.in-addr.arpa
230.in-addr.arpa
231.in-addr.arpa
/6 is not on a 8-bit boundary, so it takes 4 /8 zones.
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address11100100.00000000.00000000.00000000228.0.0.0
Subnet mask11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000252.0.0.0
Network11100100.00000000.00000000.00000000228.0.0.0
Broadcast11100111.11111111.11111111.11111111231.255.255.255
Split into smaller subnets/12
/7 (2)/8 (4)/9 (8)/10 (16)/11 (32)/12 (64)/13 (128)/14 (256)/15 (512)/16 (1,024)/17 (2,048)/18 (4,096)

228.0.0.0/6 makes 64 subnets of /12.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
1228.0.0.0/12228.0.0.1 to 228.15.255.254228.15.255.2551,048,574
2228.16.0.0/12228.16.0.1 to 228.31.255.254228.31.255.2551,048,574
3228.32.0.0/12228.32.0.1 to 228.47.255.254228.47.255.2551,048,574
4228.48.0.0/12228.48.0.1 to 228.63.255.254228.63.255.2551,048,574
5228.64.0.0/12228.64.0.1 to 228.79.255.254228.79.255.2551,048,574
6228.80.0.0/12228.80.0.1 to 228.95.255.254228.95.255.2551,048,574
7228.96.0.0/12228.96.0.1 to 228.111.255.254228.111.255.2551,048,574
8228.112.0.0/12228.112.0.1 to 228.127.255.254228.127.255.2551,048,574
9228.128.0.0/12228.128.0.1 to 228.143.255.254228.143.255.2551,048,574
10228.144.0.0/12228.144.0.1 to 228.159.255.254228.159.255.2551,048,574
11228.160.0.0/12228.160.0.1 to 228.175.255.254228.175.255.2551,048,574
12228.176.0.0/12228.176.0.1 to 228.191.255.254228.191.255.2551,048,574
13228.192.0.0/12228.192.0.1 to 228.207.255.254228.207.255.2551,048,574
14228.208.0.0/12228.208.0.1 to 228.223.255.254228.223.255.2551,048,574
15228.224.0.0/12228.224.0.1 to 228.239.255.254228.239.255.2551,048,574
16228.240.0.0/12228.240.0.1 to 228.255.255.254228.255.255.2551,048,574
17229.0.0.0/12229.0.0.1 to 229.15.255.254229.15.255.2551,048,574
18229.16.0.0/12229.16.0.1 to 229.31.255.254229.31.255.2551,048,574
19229.32.0.0/12229.32.0.1 to 229.47.255.254229.47.255.2551,048,574
20229.48.0.0/12229.48.0.1 to 229.63.255.254229.63.255.2551,048,574
21229.64.0.0/12229.64.0.1 to 229.79.255.254229.79.255.2551,048,574
22229.80.0.0/12229.80.0.1 to 229.95.255.254229.95.255.2551,048,574
23229.96.0.0/12229.96.0.1 to 229.111.255.254229.111.255.2551,048,574
24229.112.0.0/12229.112.0.1 to 229.127.255.254229.127.255.2551,048,574
25229.128.0.0/12229.128.0.1 to 229.143.255.254229.143.255.2551,048,574
26229.144.0.0/12229.144.0.1 to 229.159.255.254229.159.255.2551,048,574
27229.160.0.0/12229.160.0.1 to 229.175.255.254229.175.255.2551,048,574
28229.176.0.0/12229.176.0.1 to 229.191.255.254229.191.255.2551,048,574
29229.192.0.0/12229.192.0.1 to 229.207.255.254229.207.255.2551,048,574
30229.208.0.0/12229.208.0.1 to 229.223.255.254229.223.255.2551,048,574
31229.224.0.0/12229.224.0.1 to 229.239.255.254229.239.255.2551,048,574
32229.240.0.0/12229.240.0.1 to 229.255.255.254229.255.255.2551,048,574
33230.0.0.0/12230.0.0.1 to 230.15.255.254230.15.255.2551,048,574
34230.16.0.0/12230.16.0.1 to 230.31.255.254230.31.255.2551,048,574
35230.32.0.0/12230.32.0.1 to 230.47.255.254230.47.255.2551,048,574
36230.48.0.0/12230.48.0.1 to 230.63.255.254230.63.255.2551,048,574
37230.64.0.0/12230.64.0.1 to 230.79.255.254230.79.255.2551,048,574
38230.80.0.0/12230.80.0.1 to 230.95.255.254230.95.255.2551,048,574
39230.96.0.0/12230.96.0.1 to 230.111.255.254230.111.255.2551,048,574
40230.112.0.0/12230.112.0.1 to 230.127.255.254230.127.255.2551,048,574
41230.128.0.0/12230.128.0.1 to 230.143.255.254230.143.255.2551,048,574
42230.144.0.0/12230.144.0.1 to 230.159.255.254230.159.255.2551,048,574
43230.160.0.0/12230.160.0.1 to 230.175.255.254230.175.255.2551,048,574
44230.176.0.0/12230.176.0.1 to 230.191.255.254230.191.255.2551,048,574
45230.192.0.0/12230.192.0.1 to 230.207.255.254230.207.255.2551,048,574
46230.208.0.0/12230.208.0.1 to 230.223.255.254230.223.255.2551,048,574
47230.224.0.0/12230.224.0.1 to 230.239.255.254230.239.255.2551,048,574
48230.240.0.0/12230.240.0.1 to 230.255.255.254230.255.255.2551,048,574
49231.0.0.0/12231.0.0.1 to 231.15.255.254231.15.255.2551,048,574
50231.16.0.0/12231.16.0.1 to 231.31.255.254231.31.255.2551,048,574
51231.32.0.0/12231.32.0.1 to 231.47.255.254231.47.255.2551,048,574
52231.48.0.0/12231.48.0.1 to 231.63.255.254231.63.255.2551,048,574
53231.64.0.0/12231.64.0.1 to 231.79.255.254231.79.255.2551,048,574
54231.80.0.0/12231.80.0.1 to 231.95.255.254231.95.255.2551,048,574
55231.96.0.0/12231.96.0.1 to 231.111.255.254231.111.255.2551,048,574
56231.112.0.0/12231.112.0.1 to 231.127.255.254231.127.255.2551,048,574
57231.128.0.0/12231.128.0.1 to 231.143.255.254231.143.255.2551,048,574
58231.144.0.0/12231.144.0.1 to 231.159.255.254231.159.255.2551,048,574
59231.160.0.0/12231.160.0.1 to 231.175.255.254231.175.255.2551,048,574
60231.176.0.0/12231.176.0.1 to 231.191.255.254231.191.255.2551,048,574
61231.192.0.0/12231.192.0.1 to 231.207.255.254231.207.255.2551,048,574
62231.208.0.0/12231.208.0.1 to 231.223.255.254231.223.255.2551,048,574
63231.224.0.0/12231.224.0.1 to 231.239.255.254231.239.255.2551,048,574
64231.240.0.0/12231.240.0.1 to 231.255.255.254231.255.255.2551,048,574

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.