Speed and call quality testMy IP addressIP subnet calculatorDNS reportWhoIs lookupRemote support

Internet and network

Speed and call quality testTest delay, jitter and speed, with a focus on phone calls.My IP addressYour public IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, provider and address range.WhoIs lookupWho owns a domain or IP address, when it expires, and its DNS.DNS reportEvery DNS record for a domain, with email setup checked.IP subnet calculatorWork out a network's range, mask and hosts, and split it into subnets.

Computers and devices

Update checkIs this computer, phone and browser up to date? With links to update.Camera and mic testCheck your webcam and microphone before a call.Test print pagePrint an A4 page to check a printer: edges, text, line art and colours.

Make and print

Clean textStrip hidden characters, smart quotes and odd spaces from pasted text.QR code makerMake a QR code for a link, contact or message. Nothing leaves your browser.Wi-Fi QR posterPrint an A4 poster that lets guests join your Wi-Fi by scanning.

Surftec support

Remote supportLet a Surftec engineer connect to your computer to help you.All workingA full-screen confirmation that everything is up and running.

Surftec

Surftec websiteServices, news and how to contact Surftec
Cloud Tools
Guest
GuestNot signed in

Surftec customers will be recognised automatically when they use these tools from their office network.

Customer sign-in is coming soon.

IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Prefix/121
Addresses128
/64 networksPart of one
Network
2c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d900/121
First address
2c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d900
Last address
2c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97f
Addresses
128
/64 networks (LANs)
None: smaller than one /64 LAN
Full form
2c19:00dd:ec00:0c25:c25e:00dd:ddea:d900
Type
Global unicast 2000::/3
Public internet addresses
Reverse DNS zones
0.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
1.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
2.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
3.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
4.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
5.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
6.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
7.9.d.a.e.d.d.d.d.0.0.e.5.2.c.5.2.c.0.0.0.c.e.d.d.0.0.9.1.c.2.ip6.arpa
/121 is not on a 4-bit boundary, so it takes 8 /124 zones.
Split into smaller subnets/128

2c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d900/121 makes 128 subnets of /128.

Subnets
#SubnetLast address
12c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d900/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d900
22c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d901/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d901
32c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d902/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d902
42c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d903/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d903
52c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d904/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d904
62c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d905/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d905
72c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d906/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d906
82c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d907/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d907
92c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d908/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d908
102c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d909/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d909
112c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90a
122c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90b
132c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90c
142c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90d
152c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90e
162c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d90f
172c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d910/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d910
182c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d911/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d911
192c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d912/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d912
202c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d913/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d913
212c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d914/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d914
222c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d915/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d915
232c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d916/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d916
242c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d917/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d917
252c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d918/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d918
262c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d919/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d919
272c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91a
282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91b
292c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91c
302c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91d
312c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91e
322c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d91f
332c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d920/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d920
342c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d921/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d921
352c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d922/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d922
362c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d923/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d923
372c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d924/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d924
382c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d925/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d925
392c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d926/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d926
402c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d927/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d927
412c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d928/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d928
422c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d929/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d929
432c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92a
442c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92b
452c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92c
462c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92d
472c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92e
482c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d92f
492c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d930/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d930
502c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d931/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d931
512c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d932/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d932
522c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d933/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d933
532c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d934/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d934
542c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d935/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d935
552c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d936/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d936
562c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d937/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d937
572c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d938/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d938
582c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d939/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d939
592c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93a
602c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93b
612c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93c
622c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93d
632c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93e
642c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d93f
652c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d940/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d940
662c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d941/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d941
672c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d942/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d942
682c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d943/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d943
692c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d944/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d944
702c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d945/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d945
712c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d946/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d946
722c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d947/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d947
732c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d948/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d948
742c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d949/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d949
752c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94a
762c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94b
772c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94c
782c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94d
792c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94e
802c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d94f
812c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d950/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d950
822c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d951/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d951
832c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d952/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d952
842c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d953/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d953
852c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d954/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d954
862c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d955/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d955
872c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d956/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d956
882c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d957/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d957
892c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d958/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d958
902c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d959/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d959
912c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95a
922c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95b
932c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95c
942c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95d
952c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95e
962c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d95f
972c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d960/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d960
982c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d961/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d961
992c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d962/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d962
1002c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d963/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d963
1012c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d964/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d964
1022c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d965/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d965
1032c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d966/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d966
1042c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d967/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d967
1052c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d968/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d968
1062c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d969/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d969
1072c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96a
1082c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96b
1092c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96c
1102c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96d
1112c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96e
1122c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d96f
1132c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d970/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d970
1142c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d971/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d971
1152c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d972/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d972
1162c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d973/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d973
1172c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d974/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d974
1182c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d975/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d975
1192c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d976/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d976
1202c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d977/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d977
1212c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d978/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d978
1222c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d979/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d979
1232c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97a/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97a
1242c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97b/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97b
1252c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97c/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97c
1262c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97d/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97d
1272c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97e/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97e
1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97f/1282c19:dd:ec00:c25:c25e:dd:ddea:d97f

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses