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IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network61.2.0.0/15
Usable hosts131,070
Subnet mask255.254.0.0
Addresses131,072
Network address
61.2.0.0
Broadcast address
61.3.255.255
First usable
61.2.0.1
Last usable
61.3.255.254
Usable hosts
131,070 (131,072 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
255.254.0.0
Wildcard mask
0.1.255.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/15
Type
Public public
Old class
A (default /8)
As numbers
Hex 3D020000 · Integer 1023541248 to 1023672319
Reverse DNS zones
2.61.in-addr.arpa
3.61.in-addr.arpa
/15 is not on a 8-bit boundary, so it takes 2 /16 zones.
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address00111101.00000010.00000000.0000000061.2.0.0
Subnet mask11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000255.254.0.0
Network00111101.00000010.00000000.0000000061.2.0.0
Broadcast00111101.00000011.11111111.1111111161.3.255.255
Split into smaller subnets/21
/16 (2)/17 (4)/18 (8)/19 (16)/20 (32)/21 (64)/22 (128)/23 (256)/24 (512)/25 (1,024)/26 (2,048)/27 (4,096)

61.2.0.0/15 makes 64 subnets of /21.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
161.2.0.0/2161.2.0.1 to 61.2.7.25461.2.7.2552,046
261.2.8.0/2161.2.8.1 to 61.2.15.25461.2.15.2552,046
361.2.16.0/2161.2.16.1 to 61.2.23.25461.2.23.2552,046
461.2.24.0/2161.2.24.1 to 61.2.31.25461.2.31.2552,046
561.2.32.0/2161.2.32.1 to 61.2.39.25461.2.39.2552,046
661.2.40.0/2161.2.40.1 to 61.2.47.25461.2.47.2552,046
761.2.48.0/2161.2.48.1 to 61.2.55.25461.2.55.2552,046
861.2.56.0/2161.2.56.1 to 61.2.63.25461.2.63.2552,046
961.2.64.0/2161.2.64.1 to 61.2.71.25461.2.71.2552,046
1061.2.72.0/2161.2.72.1 to 61.2.79.25461.2.79.2552,046
1161.2.80.0/2161.2.80.1 to 61.2.87.25461.2.87.2552,046
1261.2.88.0/2161.2.88.1 to 61.2.95.25461.2.95.2552,046
1361.2.96.0/2161.2.96.1 to 61.2.103.25461.2.103.2552,046
1461.2.104.0/2161.2.104.1 to 61.2.111.25461.2.111.2552,046
1561.2.112.0/2161.2.112.1 to 61.2.119.25461.2.119.2552,046
1661.2.120.0/2161.2.120.1 to 61.2.127.25461.2.127.2552,046
1761.2.128.0/2161.2.128.1 to 61.2.135.25461.2.135.2552,046
1861.2.136.0/2161.2.136.1 to 61.2.143.25461.2.143.2552,046
1961.2.144.0/2161.2.144.1 to 61.2.151.25461.2.151.2552,046
2061.2.152.0/2161.2.152.1 to 61.2.159.25461.2.159.2552,046
2161.2.160.0/2161.2.160.1 to 61.2.167.25461.2.167.2552,046
2261.2.168.0/2161.2.168.1 to 61.2.175.25461.2.175.2552,046
2361.2.176.0/2161.2.176.1 to 61.2.183.25461.2.183.2552,046
2461.2.184.0/2161.2.184.1 to 61.2.191.25461.2.191.2552,046
2561.2.192.0/2161.2.192.1 to 61.2.199.25461.2.199.2552,046
2661.2.200.0/2161.2.200.1 to 61.2.207.25461.2.207.2552,046
2761.2.208.0/2161.2.208.1 to 61.2.215.25461.2.215.2552,046
2861.2.216.0/2161.2.216.1 to 61.2.223.25461.2.223.2552,046
2961.2.224.0/2161.2.224.1 to 61.2.231.25461.2.231.2552,046
3061.2.232.0/2161.2.232.1 to 61.2.239.25461.2.239.2552,046
3161.2.240.0/2161.2.240.1 to 61.2.247.25461.2.247.2552,046
3261.2.248.0/2161.2.248.1 to 61.2.255.25461.2.255.2552,046
3361.3.0.0/2161.3.0.1 to 61.3.7.25461.3.7.2552,046
3461.3.8.0/2161.3.8.1 to 61.3.15.25461.3.15.2552,046
3561.3.16.0/2161.3.16.1 to 61.3.23.25461.3.23.2552,046
3661.3.24.0/2161.3.24.1 to 61.3.31.25461.3.31.2552,046
3761.3.32.0/2161.3.32.1 to 61.3.39.25461.3.39.2552,046
3861.3.40.0/2161.3.40.1 to 61.3.47.25461.3.47.2552,046
3961.3.48.0/2161.3.48.1 to 61.3.55.25461.3.55.2552,046
4061.3.56.0/2161.3.56.1 to 61.3.63.25461.3.63.2552,046
4161.3.64.0/2161.3.64.1 to 61.3.71.25461.3.71.2552,046
4261.3.72.0/2161.3.72.1 to 61.3.79.25461.3.79.2552,046
4361.3.80.0/2161.3.80.1 to 61.3.87.25461.3.87.2552,046
4461.3.88.0/2161.3.88.1 to 61.3.95.25461.3.95.2552,046
4561.3.96.0/2161.3.96.1 to 61.3.103.25461.3.103.2552,046
4661.3.104.0/2161.3.104.1 to 61.3.111.25461.3.111.2552,046
4761.3.112.0/2161.3.112.1 to 61.3.119.25461.3.119.2552,046
4861.3.120.0/2161.3.120.1 to 61.3.127.25461.3.127.2552,046
4961.3.128.0/2161.3.128.1 to 61.3.135.25461.3.135.2552,046
5061.3.136.0/2161.3.136.1 to 61.3.143.25461.3.143.2552,046
5161.3.144.0/2161.3.144.1 to 61.3.151.25461.3.151.2552,046
5261.3.152.0/2161.3.152.1 to 61.3.159.25461.3.159.2552,046
5361.3.160.0/2161.3.160.1 to 61.3.167.25461.3.167.2552,046
5461.3.168.0/2161.3.168.1 to 61.3.175.25461.3.175.2552,046
5561.3.176.0/2161.3.176.1 to 61.3.183.25461.3.183.2552,046
5661.3.184.0/2161.3.184.1 to 61.3.191.25461.3.191.2552,046
5761.3.192.0/2161.3.192.1 to 61.3.199.25461.3.199.2552,046
5861.3.200.0/2161.3.200.1 to 61.3.207.25461.3.207.2552,046
5961.3.208.0/2161.3.208.1 to 61.3.215.25461.3.215.2552,046
6061.3.216.0/2161.3.216.1 to 61.3.223.25461.3.223.2552,046
6161.3.224.0/2161.3.224.1 to 61.3.231.25461.3.231.2552,046
6261.3.232.0/2161.3.232.1 to 61.3.239.25461.3.239.2552,046
6361.3.240.0/2161.3.240.1 to 61.3.247.25461.3.247.2552,046
6461.3.248.0/2161.3.248.1 to 61.3.255.25461.3.255.2552,046

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.