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IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network66.4.0.0/14
Usable hosts262,142
Subnet mask255.252.0.0
Addresses262,144
Network address
66.4.0.0
Broadcast address
66.7.255.255
First usable
66.4.0.1
Last usable
66.7.255.254
Usable hosts
262,142 (262,144 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
255.252.0.0
Wildcard mask
0.3.255.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/14
Type
Public public
Old class
A (default /8)
As numbers
Hex 42040000 · Integer 1107558400 to 1107820543
Reverse DNS zones
4.66.in-addr.arpa
5.66.in-addr.arpa
6.66.in-addr.arpa
7.66.in-addr.arpa
/14 is not on a 8-bit boundary, so it takes 4 /16 zones.
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address01000010.00000100.00000000.0000000066.4.0.0
Subnet mask11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000255.252.0.0
Network01000010.00000100.00000000.0000000066.4.0.0
Broadcast01000010.00000111.11111111.1111111166.7.255.255
Split into smaller subnets/21
/15 (2)/16 (4)/17 (8)/18 (16)/19 (32)/20 (64)/21 (128)/22 (256)/23 (512)/24 (1,024)/25 (2,048)/26 (4,096)

66.4.0.0/14 makes 128 subnets of /21.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
166.4.0.0/2166.4.0.1 to 66.4.7.25466.4.7.2552,046
266.4.8.0/2166.4.8.1 to 66.4.15.25466.4.15.2552,046
366.4.16.0/2166.4.16.1 to 66.4.23.25466.4.23.2552,046
466.4.24.0/2166.4.24.1 to 66.4.31.25466.4.31.2552,046
566.4.32.0/2166.4.32.1 to 66.4.39.25466.4.39.2552,046
666.4.40.0/2166.4.40.1 to 66.4.47.25466.4.47.2552,046
766.4.48.0/2166.4.48.1 to 66.4.55.25466.4.55.2552,046
866.4.56.0/2166.4.56.1 to 66.4.63.25466.4.63.2552,046
966.4.64.0/2166.4.64.1 to 66.4.71.25466.4.71.2552,046
1066.4.72.0/2166.4.72.1 to 66.4.79.25466.4.79.2552,046
1166.4.80.0/2166.4.80.1 to 66.4.87.25466.4.87.2552,046
1266.4.88.0/2166.4.88.1 to 66.4.95.25466.4.95.2552,046
1366.4.96.0/2166.4.96.1 to 66.4.103.25466.4.103.2552,046
1466.4.104.0/2166.4.104.1 to 66.4.111.25466.4.111.2552,046
1566.4.112.0/2166.4.112.1 to 66.4.119.25466.4.119.2552,046
1666.4.120.0/2166.4.120.1 to 66.4.127.25466.4.127.2552,046
1766.4.128.0/2166.4.128.1 to 66.4.135.25466.4.135.2552,046
1866.4.136.0/2166.4.136.1 to 66.4.143.25466.4.143.2552,046
1966.4.144.0/2166.4.144.1 to 66.4.151.25466.4.151.2552,046
2066.4.152.0/2166.4.152.1 to 66.4.159.25466.4.159.2552,046
2166.4.160.0/2166.4.160.1 to 66.4.167.25466.4.167.2552,046
2266.4.168.0/2166.4.168.1 to 66.4.175.25466.4.175.2552,046
2366.4.176.0/2166.4.176.1 to 66.4.183.25466.4.183.2552,046
2466.4.184.0/2166.4.184.1 to 66.4.191.25466.4.191.2552,046
2566.4.192.0/2166.4.192.1 to 66.4.199.25466.4.199.2552,046
2666.4.200.0/2166.4.200.1 to 66.4.207.25466.4.207.2552,046
2766.4.208.0/2166.4.208.1 to 66.4.215.25466.4.215.2552,046
2866.4.216.0/2166.4.216.1 to 66.4.223.25466.4.223.2552,046
2966.4.224.0/2166.4.224.1 to 66.4.231.25466.4.231.2552,046
3066.4.232.0/2166.4.232.1 to 66.4.239.25466.4.239.2552,046
3166.4.240.0/2166.4.240.1 to 66.4.247.25466.4.247.2552,046
3266.4.248.0/2166.4.248.1 to 66.4.255.25466.4.255.2552,046
3366.5.0.0/2166.5.0.1 to 66.5.7.25466.5.7.2552,046
3466.5.8.0/2166.5.8.1 to 66.5.15.25466.5.15.2552,046
3566.5.16.0/2166.5.16.1 to 66.5.23.25466.5.23.2552,046
3666.5.24.0/2166.5.24.1 to 66.5.31.25466.5.31.2552,046
3766.5.32.0/2166.5.32.1 to 66.5.39.25466.5.39.2552,046
3866.5.40.0/2166.5.40.1 to 66.5.47.25466.5.47.2552,046
3966.5.48.0/2166.5.48.1 to 66.5.55.25466.5.55.2552,046
4066.5.56.0/2166.5.56.1 to 66.5.63.25466.5.63.2552,046
4166.5.64.0/2166.5.64.1 to 66.5.71.25466.5.71.2552,046
4266.5.72.0/2166.5.72.1 to 66.5.79.25466.5.79.2552,046
4366.5.80.0/2166.5.80.1 to 66.5.87.25466.5.87.2552,046
4466.5.88.0/2166.5.88.1 to 66.5.95.25466.5.95.2552,046
4566.5.96.0/2166.5.96.1 to 66.5.103.25466.5.103.2552,046
4666.5.104.0/2166.5.104.1 to 66.5.111.25466.5.111.2552,046
4766.5.112.0/2166.5.112.1 to 66.5.119.25466.5.119.2552,046
4866.5.120.0/2166.5.120.1 to 66.5.127.25466.5.127.2552,046
4966.5.128.0/2166.5.128.1 to 66.5.135.25466.5.135.2552,046
5066.5.136.0/2166.5.136.1 to 66.5.143.25466.5.143.2552,046
5166.5.144.0/2166.5.144.1 to 66.5.151.25466.5.151.2552,046
5266.5.152.0/2166.5.152.1 to 66.5.159.25466.5.159.2552,046
5366.5.160.0/2166.5.160.1 to 66.5.167.25466.5.167.2552,046
5466.5.168.0/2166.5.168.1 to 66.5.175.25466.5.175.2552,046
5566.5.176.0/2166.5.176.1 to 66.5.183.25466.5.183.2552,046
5666.5.184.0/2166.5.184.1 to 66.5.191.25466.5.191.2552,046
5766.5.192.0/2166.5.192.1 to 66.5.199.25466.5.199.2552,046
5866.5.200.0/2166.5.200.1 to 66.5.207.25466.5.207.2552,046
5966.5.208.0/2166.5.208.1 to 66.5.215.25466.5.215.2552,046
6066.5.216.0/2166.5.216.1 to 66.5.223.25466.5.223.2552,046
6166.5.224.0/2166.5.224.1 to 66.5.231.25466.5.231.2552,046
6266.5.232.0/2166.5.232.1 to 66.5.239.25466.5.239.2552,046
6366.5.240.0/2166.5.240.1 to 66.5.247.25466.5.247.2552,046
6466.5.248.0/2166.5.248.1 to 66.5.255.25466.5.255.2552,046
6566.6.0.0/2166.6.0.1 to 66.6.7.25466.6.7.2552,046
6666.6.8.0/2166.6.8.1 to 66.6.15.25466.6.15.2552,046
6766.6.16.0/2166.6.16.1 to 66.6.23.25466.6.23.2552,046
6866.6.24.0/2166.6.24.1 to 66.6.31.25466.6.31.2552,046
6966.6.32.0/2166.6.32.1 to 66.6.39.25466.6.39.2552,046
7066.6.40.0/2166.6.40.1 to 66.6.47.25466.6.47.2552,046
7166.6.48.0/2166.6.48.1 to 66.6.55.25466.6.55.2552,046
7266.6.56.0/2166.6.56.1 to 66.6.63.25466.6.63.2552,046
7366.6.64.0/2166.6.64.1 to 66.6.71.25466.6.71.2552,046
7466.6.72.0/2166.6.72.1 to 66.6.79.25466.6.79.2552,046
7566.6.80.0/2166.6.80.1 to 66.6.87.25466.6.87.2552,046
7666.6.88.0/2166.6.88.1 to 66.6.95.25466.6.95.2552,046
7766.6.96.0/2166.6.96.1 to 66.6.103.25466.6.103.2552,046
7866.6.104.0/2166.6.104.1 to 66.6.111.25466.6.111.2552,046
7966.6.112.0/2166.6.112.1 to 66.6.119.25466.6.119.2552,046
8066.6.120.0/2166.6.120.1 to 66.6.127.25466.6.127.2552,046
8166.6.128.0/2166.6.128.1 to 66.6.135.25466.6.135.2552,046
8266.6.136.0/2166.6.136.1 to 66.6.143.25466.6.143.2552,046
8366.6.144.0/2166.6.144.1 to 66.6.151.25466.6.151.2552,046
8466.6.152.0/2166.6.152.1 to 66.6.159.25466.6.159.2552,046
8566.6.160.0/2166.6.160.1 to 66.6.167.25466.6.167.2552,046
8666.6.168.0/2166.6.168.1 to 66.6.175.25466.6.175.2552,046
8766.6.176.0/2166.6.176.1 to 66.6.183.25466.6.183.2552,046
8866.6.184.0/2166.6.184.1 to 66.6.191.25466.6.191.2552,046
8966.6.192.0/2166.6.192.1 to 66.6.199.25466.6.199.2552,046
9066.6.200.0/2166.6.200.1 to 66.6.207.25466.6.207.2552,046
9166.6.208.0/2166.6.208.1 to 66.6.215.25466.6.215.2552,046
9266.6.216.0/2166.6.216.1 to 66.6.223.25466.6.223.2552,046
9366.6.224.0/2166.6.224.1 to 66.6.231.25466.6.231.2552,046
9466.6.232.0/2166.6.232.1 to 66.6.239.25466.6.239.2552,046
9566.6.240.0/2166.6.240.1 to 66.6.247.25466.6.247.2552,046
9666.6.248.0/2166.6.248.1 to 66.6.255.25466.6.255.2552,046
9766.7.0.0/2166.7.0.1 to 66.7.7.25466.7.7.2552,046
9866.7.8.0/2166.7.8.1 to 66.7.15.25466.7.15.2552,046
9966.7.16.0/2166.7.16.1 to 66.7.23.25466.7.23.2552,046
10066.7.24.0/2166.7.24.1 to 66.7.31.25466.7.31.2552,046
10166.7.32.0/2166.7.32.1 to 66.7.39.25466.7.39.2552,046
10266.7.40.0/2166.7.40.1 to 66.7.47.25466.7.47.2552,046
10366.7.48.0/2166.7.48.1 to 66.7.55.25466.7.55.2552,046
10466.7.56.0/2166.7.56.1 to 66.7.63.25466.7.63.2552,046
10566.7.64.0/2166.7.64.1 to 66.7.71.25466.7.71.2552,046
10666.7.72.0/2166.7.72.1 to 66.7.79.25466.7.79.2552,046
10766.7.80.0/2166.7.80.1 to 66.7.87.25466.7.87.2552,046
10866.7.88.0/2166.7.88.1 to 66.7.95.25466.7.95.2552,046
10966.7.96.0/2166.7.96.1 to 66.7.103.25466.7.103.2552,046
11066.7.104.0/2166.7.104.1 to 66.7.111.25466.7.111.2552,046
11166.7.112.0/2166.7.112.1 to 66.7.119.25466.7.119.2552,046
11266.7.120.0/2166.7.120.1 to 66.7.127.25466.7.127.2552,046
11366.7.128.0/2166.7.128.1 to 66.7.135.25466.7.135.2552,046
11466.7.136.0/2166.7.136.1 to 66.7.143.25466.7.143.2552,046
11566.7.144.0/2166.7.144.1 to 66.7.151.25466.7.151.2552,046
11666.7.152.0/2166.7.152.1 to 66.7.159.25466.7.159.2552,046
11766.7.160.0/2166.7.160.1 to 66.7.167.25466.7.167.2552,046
11866.7.168.0/2166.7.168.1 to 66.7.175.25466.7.175.2552,046
11966.7.176.0/2166.7.176.1 to 66.7.183.25466.7.183.2552,046
12066.7.184.0/2166.7.184.1 to 66.7.191.25466.7.191.2552,046
12166.7.192.0/2166.7.192.1 to 66.7.199.25466.7.199.2552,046
12266.7.200.0/2166.7.200.1 to 66.7.207.25466.7.207.2552,046
12366.7.208.0/2166.7.208.1 to 66.7.215.25466.7.215.2552,046
12466.7.216.0/2166.7.216.1 to 66.7.223.25466.7.223.2552,046
12566.7.224.0/2166.7.224.1 to 66.7.231.25466.7.231.2552,046
12666.7.232.0/2166.7.232.1 to 66.7.239.25466.7.239.2552,046
12766.7.240.0/2166.7.240.1 to 66.7.247.25466.7.247.2552,046
12866.7.248.0/2166.7.248.1 to 66.7.255.25466.7.255.2552,046

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.