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IP subnet calculator

Type an address with its prefix or mask to see the network, its usable range and masks. Split it into smaller subnets, or look up any prefix in the reference tables.

Network70.4.0.0/14
Usable hosts262,142
Subnet mask255.252.0.0
Addresses262,144
Network address
70.4.0.0
Broadcast address
70.7.255.255
First usable
70.4.0.1
Last usable
70.7.255.254
Usable hosts
262,142 (262,144 less the network and broadcast addresses)
Subnet mask
255.252.0.0
Wildcard mask
0.3.255.255 (Cisco ACLs, OSPF)
Prefix length
/14
Type
Public public
Old class
A (default /8)
As numbers
Hex 46040000 · Integer 1174667264 to 1174929407
Reverse DNS zones
4.70.in-addr.arpa
5.70.in-addr.arpa
6.70.in-addr.arpa
7.70.in-addr.arpa
/14 is not on a 8-bit boundary, so it takes 4 /16 zones.
Binary
Binary view
Binary (network bits bold, host bits grey)Dotted
Address01000110.00000100.00000000.0000000070.4.0.0
Subnet mask11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000255.252.0.0
Network01000110.00000100.00000000.0000000070.4.0.0
Broadcast01000110.00000111.11111111.1111111170.7.255.255
Split into smaller subnets/21
/15 (2)/16 (4)/17 (8)/18 (16)/19 (32)/20 (64)/21 (128)/22 (256)/23 (512)/24 (1,024)/25 (2,048)/26 (4,096)

70.4.0.0/14 makes 128 subnets of /21.

Subnets
#SubnetUsable hosts rangeBroadcastHosts
170.4.0.0/2170.4.0.1 to 70.4.7.25470.4.7.2552,046
270.4.8.0/2170.4.8.1 to 70.4.15.25470.4.15.2552,046
370.4.16.0/2170.4.16.1 to 70.4.23.25470.4.23.2552,046
470.4.24.0/2170.4.24.1 to 70.4.31.25470.4.31.2552,046
570.4.32.0/2170.4.32.1 to 70.4.39.25470.4.39.2552,046
670.4.40.0/2170.4.40.1 to 70.4.47.25470.4.47.2552,046
770.4.48.0/2170.4.48.1 to 70.4.55.25470.4.55.2552,046
870.4.56.0/2170.4.56.1 to 70.4.63.25470.4.63.2552,046
970.4.64.0/2170.4.64.1 to 70.4.71.25470.4.71.2552,046
1070.4.72.0/2170.4.72.1 to 70.4.79.25470.4.79.2552,046
1170.4.80.0/2170.4.80.1 to 70.4.87.25470.4.87.2552,046
1270.4.88.0/2170.4.88.1 to 70.4.95.25470.4.95.2552,046
1370.4.96.0/2170.4.96.1 to 70.4.103.25470.4.103.2552,046
1470.4.104.0/2170.4.104.1 to 70.4.111.25470.4.111.2552,046
1570.4.112.0/2170.4.112.1 to 70.4.119.25470.4.119.2552,046
1670.4.120.0/2170.4.120.1 to 70.4.127.25470.4.127.2552,046
1770.4.128.0/2170.4.128.1 to 70.4.135.25470.4.135.2552,046
1870.4.136.0/2170.4.136.1 to 70.4.143.25470.4.143.2552,046
1970.4.144.0/2170.4.144.1 to 70.4.151.25470.4.151.2552,046
2070.4.152.0/2170.4.152.1 to 70.4.159.25470.4.159.2552,046
2170.4.160.0/2170.4.160.1 to 70.4.167.25470.4.167.2552,046
2270.4.168.0/2170.4.168.1 to 70.4.175.25470.4.175.2552,046
2370.4.176.0/2170.4.176.1 to 70.4.183.25470.4.183.2552,046
2470.4.184.0/2170.4.184.1 to 70.4.191.25470.4.191.2552,046
2570.4.192.0/2170.4.192.1 to 70.4.199.25470.4.199.2552,046
2670.4.200.0/2170.4.200.1 to 70.4.207.25470.4.207.2552,046
2770.4.208.0/2170.4.208.1 to 70.4.215.25470.4.215.2552,046
2870.4.216.0/2170.4.216.1 to 70.4.223.25470.4.223.2552,046
2970.4.224.0/2170.4.224.1 to 70.4.231.25470.4.231.2552,046
3070.4.232.0/2170.4.232.1 to 70.4.239.25470.4.239.2552,046
3170.4.240.0/2170.4.240.1 to 70.4.247.25470.4.247.2552,046
3270.4.248.0/2170.4.248.1 to 70.4.255.25470.4.255.2552,046
3370.5.0.0/2170.5.0.1 to 70.5.7.25470.5.7.2552,046
3470.5.8.0/2170.5.8.1 to 70.5.15.25470.5.15.2552,046
3570.5.16.0/2170.5.16.1 to 70.5.23.25470.5.23.2552,046
3670.5.24.0/2170.5.24.1 to 70.5.31.25470.5.31.2552,046
3770.5.32.0/2170.5.32.1 to 70.5.39.25470.5.39.2552,046
3870.5.40.0/2170.5.40.1 to 70.5.47.25470.5.47.2552,046
3970.5.48.0/2170.5.48.1 to 70.5.55.25470.5.55.2552,046
4070.5.56.0/2170.5.56.1 to 70.5.63.25470.5.63.2552,046
4170.5.64.0/2170.5.64.1 to 70.5.71.25470.5.71.2552,046
4270.5.72.0/2170.5.72.1 to 70.5.79.25470.5.79.2552,046
4370.5.80.0/2170.5.80.1 to 70.5.87.25470.5.87.2552,046
4470.5.88.0/2170.5.88.1 to 70.5.95.25470.5.95.2552,046
4570.5.96.0/2170.5.96.1 to 70.5.103.25470.5.103.2552,046
4670.5.104.0/2170.5.104.1 to 70.5.111.25470.5.111.2552,046
4770.5.112.0/2170.5.112.1 to 70.5.119.25470.5.119.2552,046
4870.5.120.0/2170.5.120.1 to 70.5.127.25470.5.127.2552,046
4970.5.128.0/2170.5.128.1 to 70.5.135.25470.5.135.2552,046
5070.5.136.0/2170.5.136.1 to 70.5.143.25470.5.143.2552,046
5170.5.144.0/2170.5.144.1 to 70.5.151.25470.5.151.2552,046
5270.5.152.0/2170.5.152.1 to 70.5.159.25470.5.159.2552,046
5370.5.160.0/2170.5.160.1 to 70.5.167.25470.5.167.2552,046
5470.5.168.0/2170.5.168.1 to 70.5.175.25470.5.175.2552,046
5570.5.176.0/2170.5.176.1 to 70.5.183.25470.5.183.2552,046
5670.5.184.0/2170.5.184.1 to 70.5.191.25470.5.191.2552,046
5770.5.192.0/2170.5.192.1 to 70.5.199.25470.5.199.2552,046
5870.5.200.0/2170.5.200.1 to 70.5.207.25470.5.207.2552,046
5970.5.208.0/2170.5.208.1 to 70.5.215.25470.5.215.2552,046
6070.5.216.0/2170.5.216.1 to 70.5.223.25470.5.223.2552,046
6170.5.224.0/2170.5.224.1 to 70.5.231.25470.5.231.2552,046
6270.5.232.0/2170.5.232.1 to 70.5.239.25470.5.239.2552,046
6370.5.240.0/2170.5.240.1 to 70.5.247.25470.5.247.2552,046
6470.5.248.0/2170.5.248.1 to 70.5.255.25470.5.255.2552,046
6570.6.0.0/2170.6.0.1 to 70.6.7.25470.6.7.2552,046
6670.6.8.0/2170.6.8.1 to 70.6.15.25470.6.15.2552,046
6770.6.16.0/2170.6.16.1 to 70.6.23.25470.6.23.2552,046
6870.6.24.0/2170.6.24.1 to 70.6.31.25470.6.31.2552,046
6970.6.32.0/2170.6.32.1 to 70.6.39.25470.6.39.2552,046
7070.6.40.0/2170.6.40.1 to 70.6.47.25470.6.47.2552,046
7170.6.48.0/2170.6.48.1 to 70.6.55.25470.6.55.2552,046
7270.6.56.0/2170.6.56.1 to 70.6.63.25470.6.63.2552,046
7370.6.64.0/2170.6.64.1 to 70.6.71.25470.6.71.2552,046
7470.6.72.0/2170.6.72.1 to 70.6.79.25470.6.79.2552,046
7570.6.80.0/2170.6.80.1 to 70.6.87.25470.6.87.2552,046
7670.6.88.0/2170.6.88.1 to 70.6.95.25470.6.95.2552,046
7770.6.96.0/2170.6.96.1 to 70.6.103.25470.6.103.2552,046
7870.6.104.0/2170.6.104.1 to 70.6.111.25470.6.111.2552,046
7970.6.112.0/2170.6.112.1 to 70.6.119.25470.6.119.2552,046
8070.6.120.0/2170.6.120.1 to 70.6.127.25470.6.127.2552,046
8170.6.128.0/2170.6.128.1 to 70.6.135.25470.6.135.2552,046
8270.6.136.0/2170.6.136.1 to 70.6.143.25470.6.143.2552,046
8370.6.144.0/2170.6.144.1 to 70.6.151.25470.6.151.2552,046
8470.6.152.0/2170.6.152.1 to 70.6.159.25470.6.159.2552,046
8570.6.160.0/2170.6.160.1 to 70.6.167.25470.6.167.2552,046
8670.6.168.0/2170.6.168.1 to 70.6.175.25470.6.175.2552,046
8770.6.176.0/2170.6.176.1 to 70.6.183.25470.6.183.2552,046
8870.6.184.0/2170.6.184.1 to 70.6.191.25470.6.191.2552,046
8970.6.192.0/2170.6.192.1 to 70.6.199.25470.6.199.2552,046
9070.6.200.0/2170.6.200.1 to 70.6.207.25470.6.207.2552,046
9170.6.208.0/2170.6.208.1 to 70.6.215.25470.6.215.2552,046
9270.6.216.0/2170.6.216.1 to 70.6.223.25470.6.223.2552,046
9370.6.224.0/2170.6.224.1 to 70.6.231.25470.6.231.2552,046
9470.6.232.0/2170.6.232.1 to 70.6.239.25470.6.239.2552,046
9570.6.240.0/2170.6.240.1 to 70.6.247.25470.6.247.2552,046
9670.6.248.0/2170.6.248.1 to 70.6.255.25470.6.255.2552,046
9770.7.0.0/2170.7.0.1 to 70.7.7.25470.7.7.2552,046
9870.7.8.0/2170.7.8.1 to 70.7.15.25470.7.15.2552,046
9970.7.16.0/2170.7.16.1 to 70.7.23.25470.7.23.2552,046
10070.7.24.0/2170.7.24.1 to 70.7.31.25470.7.31.2552,046
10170.7.32.0/2170.7.32.1 to 70.7.39.25470.7.39.2552,046
10270.7.40.0/2170.7.40.1 to 70.7.47.25470.7.47.2552,046
10370.7.48.0/2170.7.48.1 to 70.7.55.25470.7.55.2552,046
10470.7.56.0/2170.7.56.1 to 70.7.63.25470.7.63.2552,046
10570.7.64.0/2170.7.64.1 to 70.7.71.25470.7.71.2552,046
10670.7.72.0/2170.7.72.1 to 70.7.79.25470.7.79.2552,046
10770.7.80.0/2170.7.80.1 to 70.7.87.25470.7.87.2552,046
10870.7.88.0/2170.7.88.1 to 70.7.95.25470.7.95.2552,046
10970.7.96.0/2170.7.96.1 to 70.7.103.25470.7.103.2552,046
11070.7.104.0/2170.7.104.1 to 70.7.111.25470.7.111.2552,046
11170.7.112.0/2170.7.112.1 to 70.7.119.25470.7.119.2552,046
11270.7.120.0/2170.7.120.1 to 70.7.127.25470.7.127.2552,046
11370.7.128.0/2170.7.128.1 to 70.7.135.25470.7.135.2552,046
11470.7.136.0/2170.7.136.1 to 70.7.143.25470.7.143.2552,046
11570.7.144.0/2170.7.144.1 to 70.7.151.25470.7.151.2552,046
11670.7.152.0/2170.7.152.1 to 70.7.159.25470.7.159.2552,046
11770.7.160.0/2170.7.160.1 to 70.7.167.25470.7.167.2552,046
11870.7.168.0/2170.7.168.1 to 70.7.175.25470.7.175.2552,046
11970.7.176.0/2170.7.176.1 to 70.7.183.25470.7.183.2552,046
12070.7.184.0/2170.7.184.1 to 70.7.191.25470.7.191.2552,046
12170.7.192.0/2170.7.192.1 to 70.7.199.25470.7.199.2552,046
12270.7.200.0/2170.7.200.1 to 70.7.207.25470.7.207.2552,046
12370.7.208.0/2170.7.208.1 to 70.7.215.25470.7.215.2552,046
12470.7.216.0/2170.7.216.1 to 70.7.223.25470.7.223.2552,046
12570.7.224.0/2170.7.224.1 to 70.7.231.25470.7.231.2552,046
12670.7.232.0/2170.7.232.1 to 70.7.239.25470.7.239.2552,046
12770.7.240.0/2170.7.240.1 to 70.7.247.25470.7.247.2552,046
12870.7.248.0/2170.7.248.1 to 70.7.255.25470.7.255.2552,046

IPv4 CIDR reference (/0 to /32)

IPv4 prefix lengths
PrefixSubnet maskWildcardAddressesUsable hostsSizeTypical use
/00.0.0.0255.255.255.2554,294,967,2964,294,967,29416,777,216 × /24
/1128.0.0.0127.255.255.2552,147,483,6482,147,483,6468,388,608 × /24
/2192.0.0.063.255.255.2551,073,741,8241,073,741,8224,194,304 × /24
/3224.0.0.031.255.255.255536,870,912536,870,9102,097,152 × /24
/4240.0.0.015.255.255.255268,435,456268,435,4541,048,576 × /24
/5248.0.0.07.255.255.255134,217,728134,217,726524,288 × /24
/6252.0.0.03.255.255.25567,108,86467,108,862262,144 × /24
/7254.0.0.01.255.255.25533,554,43233,554,430131,072 × /24
/8255.0.0.00.255.255.25516,777,21616,777,21465,536 × /24Old class A; 10.0.0.0/8
/9255.128.0.00.127.255.2558,388,6088,388,60632,768 × /24
/10255.192.0.00.63.255.2554,194,3044,194,30216,384 × /24
/11255.224.0.00.31.255.2552,097,1522,097,1508,192 × /24
/12255.240.0.00.15.255.2551,048,5761,048,5744,096 × /24172.16.0.0/12
/13255.248.0.00.7.255.255524,288524,2862,048 × /24
/14255.252.0.00.3.255.255262,144262,1421,024 × /24
/15255.254.0.00.1.255.255131,072131,070512 × /24
/16255.255.0.00.0.255.25565,53665,534256 × /24Old class B; 192.168.0.0/16
/17255.255.128.00.0.127.25532,76832,766128 × /24
/18255.255.192.00.0.63.25516,38416,38264 × /24
/19255.255.224.00.0.31.2558,1928,19032 × /24
/20255.255.240.00.0.15.2554,0964,09416 × /24
/21255.255.248.00.0.7.2552,0482,0468 × /24
/22255.255.252.00.0.3.2551,0241,0224 × /24Large office or guest Wi-Fi (1,022 hosts)
/23255.255.254.00.0.1.2555125102 × /24Larger office LAN (510 hosts)
/24255.255.255.00.0.0.2552562541 × /24Typical office LAN (old class C)
/25255.255.255.1280.0.0.1271281261/2 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/26255.255.255.1920.0.0.6364621/4 of a /24Smaller LAN or VLAN
/27255.255.255.2240.0.0.3132301/8 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/28255.255.255.2400.0.0.1516141/16 of a /24Small VLAN, phones, cameras
/29255.255.255.2480.0.0.7861/32 of a /24Small fixed public block (5 usable)
/30255.255.255.2520.0.0.3421/64 of a /24Point-to-point (old style)
/31255.255.255.2540.0.0.1221/128 of a /24Point-to-point link (RFC 3021)
/32255.255.255.2550.0.0.0111/256 of a /24One host

IPv6 prefix reference

IPv6 prefix lengths
PrefixAddresses/64 LANs/48 sitesNibbleTypical use
/342,535,295,865,117,307,932,921,825,928,971,026,432 (2^125)2,305,843,009,213,693,95235,184,372,088,832NoAll global unicast (2000::/3)
/165,192,296,858,534,827,628,530,496,329,220,096 (2^112)281,474,976,710,6564,294,967,296Yes
/20324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 (2^108)17,592,186,044,416268,435,456YesLarge provider allocation (RIPE minimum for some)
/29633,825,300,114,114,700,748,351,602,688 (2^99)34,359,738,368524,288NoRIPE allocation to a provider (often)
/3279,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 (2^96)4,294,967,29665,536YesProvider allocation (RIPE default)
/364,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 (2^92)268,435,4564,096Yes
/40309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 (2^88)16,777,216256Yes
/4419,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 (2^84)1,048,57616Yes
/481,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 (2^80)65,5361YesOne site or organisation (RIPE PI / assignment)
/5275,557,863,725,914,323,419,136 (2^76)4,096Yes
/564,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 (2^72)256YesSmall site or home (common provider assignment)
/60295,147,905,179,352,825,856 (2^68)16YesSome home broadband (16 LANs)
/6418,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2^64)1YesOne LAN or VLAN (needed for SLAAC)
/7272,057,594,037,927,936 (2^56)1/256 of a /64Yes
/80281,474,976,710,656 (2^48)1/65,536 of a /64Yes
/964,294,967,2961/4,294,967,296 of a /64YesEmbeds an IPv4 address (NAT64)
/11265,5361/281,474,976,710,656 of a /64Yes
/1202561/72,057,594,037,927,936 of a /64Yes
/124161/1,152,921,504,606,846,976 of a /64Yes
/12641/4,611,686,018,427,387,904 of a /64No
/12721/9,223,372,036,854,775,808 of a /64NoPoint-to-point link (RFC 6164)
/12811/18,446,744,073,709,551,616 of a /64YesOne host or loopback

Private and special ranges

IPv4

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
255.255.255.255/32Limited broadcastEvery host on the local network
0.0.0.0/8This networkNot routed; 0.0.0.0 means "any address" in settings
10.0.0.0/8Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
100.64.0.0/10Shared address space (CGNAT)Used by providers behind carrier-grade NAT (RFC 6598)
127.0.0.0/8LoopbackThis computer
169.254.0.0/16Link-local (APIPA)Self-assigned when no DHCP server answers
172.16.0.0/12Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
192.0.0.0/24IETF protocol assignmentsSpecial uses such as DS-Lite
192.0.2.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-1)For examples; never used on a network
192.88.99.0/246to4 relay (deprecated)Formerly anycast for 6to4
192.168.0.0/16Private (RFC 1918)Office and home networks; not routed on the internet
198.18.0.0/15BenchmarkingNetwork equipment testing (RFC 2544)
198.51.100.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-2)For examples; never used on a network
203.0.113.0/24Documentation (TEST-NET-3)For examples; never used on a network
224.0.0.0/4MulticastOne-to-many traffic, such as IPTV and routing protocols
240.0.0.0/4ReservedFuture use; not usable on most systems

IPv6

Special-purpose ranges
RangeNameWhat it is
::/128UnspecifiedNo address; :: means "any address" in settings
::1/128LoopbackThis computer
::ffff:0:0/96IPv4-mappedAn IPv4 address written as IPv6
64:ff9b::/96NAT64IPv4 addresses reached through a NAT64 gateway
100::/64Discard onlyTraffic sent here is dropped (RFC 6666)
2001:db8::/32DocumentationFor examples; never used on a network
2001::/32TeredoIPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 UDP
2002::/166to4IPv6 tunnelled over IPv4 (largely retired)
3fff::/20DocumentationFor examples (RFC 9637)
fc00::/7Unique local (ULA)Private IPv6, like RFC 1918; usually fd00::/8
fe80::/10Link-localEvery IPv6 interface has one; not routed
ff00::/8MulticastOne-to-many traffic; replaces broadcast
2000::/3Global unicastPublic internet addresses

About this tool

A network is written as an address and a prefix length, such as 192.168.1.0/24: the first 24 bits name the network and the rest number the devices on it. The calculator works out where the network starts and ends, how many devices it holds, its subnet and wildcard masks, and the reverse DNS zone to ask your provider for.

It also splits a network into equal smaller ones (one per VLAN or site), turns a range of addresses into the fewest CIDR blocks for a firewall rule, and lists every IPv4 prefix length and the common IPv6 ones in reference tables.

Common questions

Why are two addresses lost in every IPv4 subnet?

The first address names the network and the last is the broadcast address, so a /24 has 256 addresses but 254 for devices. A /31 (a link between two routers) and a /32 (one host) are the exceptions.

What size of IPv6 network should a LAN use?

Always /64. Devices pick their own address within it (SLAAC), which needs the full 64 bits. A site usually gets a /48 or /56 from its provider, which holds 65,536 or 256 LANs.

What is a wildcard mask?

The subnet mask turned inside out: 255.255.255.0 becomes 0.0.0.255. Cisco access lists and OSPF use it to say which bits must match.

Which ranges can I use inside an office?

IPv4: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16. IPv6: unique local addresses from fd00::/8, though most networks use the public prefix from their provider.